States of Consciousness Free Essay Example, 1250 words

There are two major theories of sleep: Repair/ Restoration Theory Evolutionary/circadian theory. Let us look at the two theories and see how the two evolved. Repair/Restoration Theory: The repair theory states that our activities during the day have a depleting effect on the key factors in our brain and body. So therefore the purpose of sleep is to serve as a recuperative purpose to the human body and allow it to repair and replenish itself. It should be noted here that according to the repair and restoration theory, not only is our physical body repaired but our emotional and intellectual demands are restored as well. The scientific proof for this theory comes from research conducted about the release of growth hormones during sleep which proved that during level 4 sleep a growth hormone is released inside the body which control functions such as metabolism, physical growth, and brain development (Huffman). Another key finding which supports the repair theory is that people tend to sleep for longer when they have been deprived of sleep for long periods of time. The 17 year old student who stayed awake for 264 consecutive hours in 1965 then slept for 14 hours the first time he slept after attempting the record as opposed to his average sleep cycle of 8 hours. We will write a custom essay sample on States of Consciousness or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now (Huffman) (Division of Sleep - Harvard Medical School) Evolutionary/ Circadian Theory: The evolutionary theory states that sleep is because of basic circadian rhythms. According to this view, sleep evolved because of the fact that humans needed to conserve their energy when they were not looking for mates or for prey to hunt. Sleep also allowed humans to stay still at times when predators are active. The main proof for the evolutionary/circadian theory comes from a simple look at nature. Opossums for example have no trouble finding food and safe shelters and therefore sleep for many hours each day. Other animals such as sheep and horses that have no other defense against predators than to run away and that have an innate need to constantly forage for food, sleep for only a few hours a day. (Huffman) (Division of Sleep - Harvard Medical School) As we have just seen, both theories carry weight and have scientific proofs. It is obvious that we need the physical and emotional repair and restoration that sleep provides after our everyday activities. However, we can also see that bears do not hibernate throughout the winter to simply recover and restore their bodies. It is therefore clear that a need to conserve energy when the environment is hostile exists as well.

Compare and Contrast Marina Nemat Essay - 952 Words

Compare and Contrast Essay The novel Prisoner of Tehran by Marina Nemat is a memoir about the many challenges of growing up in Iran. Some of the challenges that she faced were serving time in the Evin Prison for speaking out against the Iranian government, escaping a death sentence and finally fleeing Iran for a new life in Canada. Persepolis is a memoir written by Marjane Satrapi, which is an autobiographical graphic novel that explores a childhood in Iran during the turbulent years surrounding the 1979 Iranian Revolution. It also talks about how the government was overthrown, the theocracy that was introduced, and the war with neighboring Iraq. Marina and Marjane are both heroes because they stand up for what they believe in, they†¦show more content†¦The Main differences in how Marina and Marjane became heroes is that Marina is very brave in the sense that she went through so much in her life and she is still fighting for human rights in Iran. Marjane does things a bit different in the perception t hat she grows up with the many new rules that are introduced into women’s lives that she deals with in a very contradictory way. Marina try’s to promote equality for women by speaking out against the government in the hopes that women could be treated the same as men. This did not turn out so well for her as she was put in the notorious Evin Prison where she was beat and raped. However she was brave when asked about her schoolmates prior to being put in prison and she replied â€Å"I won’t give you any names. If I give you names you’ll arrest them. I don’t want that to happen.†(pg.15) Marjane tries to encourage equality for women by attending movements so that Iran could become a country were justice would flourish throughout. In one occasion her mother says â€Å"Bad people are dangerous but forgiving them is too. Don’t worry, there is justice on earth.†(pg.53) Marjane also does things like taking her veil off in public with her friends so that her friends can see that women should be able to show off their hair, just like men do. The difference in trying to promote equality for the women of Iran that Marjane and Marina portray is that Marina tries to get equality through joining revolts and attending

National Issues in Election 2008 Free Essays

The five most important issues of Election 2008 (in no particular order) are: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The economy: How will the United States correct the recession and what can be done to protect Americans from a recession in the future? 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The war in Iraq: How will America extract itself from Iraq? Can America extract itself from Iraq? 3. We will write a custom essay sample on National Issues in Election 2008 or any similar topic only for you Order Now   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Immigration: Immigrants, primarily in the form of unskilled workers from Mexico, are arriving in the United States in unprecedented numbers. There are now over 10 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States (Passel, 2005, pp.   4-5).   How will America address the problem of illegal immigration and the need for guest workers? 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Education: American high school students ranked 25th out of 30 nations in recent comparisons of math and science skills (Glod, 2007). Many American students graduate from high school without being able to read, and many others drop out of school altogether. How can America fix its broken educational system? 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Energy policy: Rising oil prices have underscored America’s dependency on foreign oil, raising economic concerns and concerns about security. Energy is also closely related to the environment. Can the United States find sustainable and affordable sources of environmentally friendly energy? What should be the government’s role in solving these problems? The answer depends on your political perspective. The economy Political Left: America’s economic problems are the result of the natural tendency of corporations to put their own interests ahead of what is best for the country. This problem can be solved if the government did a better job of regulating businesses and financial institutions. Political Right: Recessions are part of a natural cycle of economic activity, as the economy makes necessary corrections. Economic problems can be solved by encouraging investment through lower tax rates, less government intrusion, and the creation of new markets for goods and services. In a capitalistic economy, jobs are created by businesses, not by governments. Political Center: Some government regulation of business practices is necessary to protect American jobs and incomes. Government and private business must work together to create jobs for American workers. The War Political Left: Can’t we all just get along? International disputes are best handled through diplomatic means. America should withdraw as quickly as possible from Iraq and should avoid similar conflicts with other nations in the future. Political Right: The Homeland must be defended! Backing down sends the wrong message to terrorists and to our allies. America must be strong if we are to be respected. Political Center: War is a necessary evil, but should not be a first response. America should conclude its business in Iraq as quickly as possible, and then leave. Other nations should know that America has the capacity and will to protect itself, but will do so only if necessary. Immigration Political Left: America is a nation of immigrants. Rejecting immigrants now is hypocritical and racist. Immigrants should have the same rights as anyone else in the country and should not live in fear of being deported.   Government should make it easier for immigrants to be documented. Political Right: The Right seems to be divided on this issue. On one hand, conservatives want the cheap labor that is provided by undocumented workers. On the other hand, conservatives fear that immigration is changing the culture and – let’s be honest – the complexion of the United States. The Right argues that immigrants are taking jobs away from Americans, yet they continue to employ undocumented immigrants to do jobs that Americans will not do. These conflicts probably explain why the Right has such a hard time articulating any type of coherent policy on immigration and cannot seem to decide what the role of government should be on this issue. Political Center: Immigrants, a.k.a., guest workers, are an important part of the American economy; however, once they come to the United States, immigrants need to learn English and make show proper respect for American culture. This is the United States, not the Estados Unidos. It is the responsibility of government to help assimilate immigrates and to ensure that no terrorists cross the border masquerading as a guest worker. Education The Right: Government should not have a monopoly on education. American students are failing because schools have no motivation to improve. Privatizing education would create competition and improve the quality of schools. The Left: Schools are failing because they are underfunded. It is the role of government to invest in the future of this country, which includes investing in schools. The Center: Public schools deserve public support. The role of government is to provide funding for public education. In cases where schools are failing to teach, it is the role of government to ensure that every child has opportunity to learn, which may mean sending some children to private schools. Energy policy The Left: Green is good! It is the role of government to regulate and, if necessary, control energy production and distribution. Extreme Left would probably advocate for public ownership of all energy companies. The Right: Energy production reflects consumer demands. When people want greener fuels, companies will provide them. Government should support research on energy sources, but it is not the place of government to control prices or distribution of gasoline and other energy sources. The Center: Government should allow free markets for gasoline and other energy sources, but should intervene when profits reach extortion levels and people cannot afford to buy gasoline. Government should support research on alternative fuels. Reference Glod, M. (2007). U.S. Teens Trail Peers Around World on Math-Science Test. Washington Post (December 5, 2007), p. A07. Retrieved April 10, 2008, from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/04/AR2007120400730.html Passel, J.   (2005).   Unauthorized Migrants: Numbers and Characteristics.   Background Briefing Prepared for Task Force on Immigration and America’s Future.   Washington, D.C.: Pew Hispanic Center.   Retrieved April 1, 2008, from http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/Hispanics_in_America/PHC_immigrants_0605.pdf How to cite National Issues in Election 2008, Essay examples

All Quite On The Western Front Essay Example For Students

All Quite On The Western Front Essay All Quiet on the Western Front shows the change in attitudes of the men before and during the war. This novel is able to portray the overwhelming effects and power war has to deteriorate the human spirit. Starting out leaving youre home and family pr d and ready to fight for you country, to ending up tired and scarred both physically and mentally beyond description. At the beginning of the novel nationalist feelings are present through pride of Paul and the rest of the boys. However at the end of the war it is apparent how pointless war really is. *All Quiet on the Western Front is a novel that greatly helps in the understanding the effects war. The novel best shows the attitudes of the soldiers before the war and during the war. Before the war there are high morals and growing nationalist feel gs. During the war however, the soldiers discover the trauma of war. They discover that it is a waste of time and their hopes and dreams of their life fly further and further away. The remains of Paul Baumers company had moved behind the German front l es for a short rest at the beginning of the novel. After Behm became Pauls first dead schoolmate, Paul viewed the older generation bitterly, particularly Kantorek, the teacher who convinced Paul and his classmates to join the military. While they tau t that duty to ones country is the greatest thing, we already that death-throes are stronger. And we saw that there was nothing of their world left. We were all at once terribly alone; and alone we must see it through.P. 13 Paul felt completely etrayed. We will make ourselves comfortable and sleep, and eat as much as we can stuff into our bellies, and drink and smoke so that hours are not wasted. Life is short. P 139 Views of death and becoming more comfortable with their destiny in the r became more apparent throughout the novel. Paul loses faith in the war in each passing day. * Through out the novel it was evident that the war scarred the soldiers permanently mentally. Everyone was scared to go to war when it started. Young recruits were first sent because the veterans knew they were going to come back dead. When we run t again, although I am very excited, I suddenly think: wheres Himmelstoss? Quickly I jump back into the dug-out and find him with a small scratch lying in a corner pretending to be wounded. P 131 Even the big men like Himmelstoss are scared to go ght. He is in a panic; he is new to it too. But it makes me mad that the young recruits should be out there and he here. P 131 The soldiers were being crushed and seeing things get destroyed, but because they had detached themselves they thought t y were able to handle it. We believe in such things no longer, we believe in  war.P.88 That was Pauls motto. Although, as time went on he began to realize something wasnt right. He tried to replace these feelings with pleasure, so he spent the ight at the French girls house. After he just felt worse and unfulfilled. we are crude and sorrowful and superficial I believe we are lost.P123 When Paul realizes that we are all brothers, true mental struggle is seen. Comrade, I did not ant to kill youWhy do they never tell us you are poor devils like us and that you have the same fear of deathIf we could just throw away these riffles and this uniform you could be my brother P. 223-224. The apparent change in views on e war has become extremely apparent. .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .postImageUrl , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:visited , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:active { border:0!important; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:active , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Inspector Calls EssayIn a war there is obviously apparent physical scars. As seen throughout the entire book, the destruction of war is great, on not only lives and property, but also on the human spirit. The young men in this book and of those of the times were subjec to physical torment. Eyes were blinded from such sights as, limbs being blown off, blood flowing everywhere, and innocent men dying in agony. When soldiers take shelter in the graveyard, bombs explode all around them; the living hide in coffins and th dead are thrown from their graves. The destructive power is so great that even the fundamental differences between life and death become blurred. All Quiet on the Western Front is a novel that portrayed World War I as it actually was. It is able to show all aspects of the actual war. It told the truth and showed the effects it had on the human spirit and views of war. It began with pride and e ed with agony.

All Quite On The Western Front Essay Example For Students

All Quite On The Western Front Essay All Quiet on the Western Front shows the change in attitudes of the men before and during the war. This novel is able to portray the overwhelming effects and power war has to deteriorate the human spirit. Starting out leaving youre home and family pr d and ready to fight for you country, to ending up tired and scarred both physically and mentally beyond description. At the beginning of the novel nationalist feelings are present through pride of Paul and the rest of the boys. However at the end of the war it is apparent how pointless war really is. *All Quiet on the Western Front is a novel that greatly helps in the understanding the effects war. The novel best shows the attitudes of the soldiers before the war and during the war. Before the war there are high morals and growing nationalist feel gs. During the war however, the soldiers discover the trauma of war. They discover that it is a waste of time and their hopes and dreams of their life fly further and further away. The remains of Paul Baumers company had moved behind the German front l es for a short rest at the beginning of the novel. After Behm became Pauls first dead schoolmate, Paul viewed the older generation bitterly, particularly Kantorek, the teacher who convinced Paul and his classmates to join the military. While they tau t that duty to ones country is the greatest thing, we already that death-throes are stronger. And we saw that there was nothing of their world left. We were all at once terribly alone; and alone we must see it through.P. 13 Paul felt completely etrayed. We will make ourselves comfortable and sleep, and eat as much as we can stuff into our bellies, and drink and smoke so that hours are not wasted. Life is short. P 139 Views of death and becoming more comfortable with their destiny in the r became more apparent throughout the novel. Paul loses faith in the war in each passing day. * Through out the novel it was evident that the war scarred the soldiers permanently mentally. Everyone was scared to go to war when it started. Young recruits were first sent because the veterans knew they were going to come back dead. When we run t again, although I am very excited, I suddenly think: wheres Himmelstoss? Quickly I jump back into the dug-out and find him with a small scratch lying in a corner pretending to be wounded. P 131 Even the big men like Himmelstoss are scared to go ght. He is in a panic; he is new to it too. But it makes me mad that the young recruits should be out there and he here. P 131 The soldiers were being crushed and seeing things get destroyed, but because they had detached themselves they thought t y were able to handle it. We believe in such things no longer, we believe in  war.P.88 That was Pauls motto. Although, as time went on he began to realize something wasnt right. He tried to replace these feelings with pleasure, so he spent the ight at the French girls house. After he just felt worse and unfulfilled. we are crude and sorrowful and superficial I believe we are lost.P123 When Paul realizes that we are all brothers, true mental struggle is seen. Comrade, I did not ant to kill youWhy do they never tell us you are poor devils like us and that you have the same fear of deathIf we could just throw away these riffles and this uniform you could be my brother P. 223-224. The apparent change in views on e war has become extremely apparent. .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .postImageUrl , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:visited , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:active { border:0!important; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:active , .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u88f807337ec30fba291f069abd51eecd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Inspector Calls EssayIn a war there is obviously apparent physical scars. As seen throughout the entire book, the destruction of war is great, on not only lives and property, but also on the human spirit. The young men in this book and of those of the times were subjec to physical torment. Eyes were blinded from such sights as, limbs being blown off, blood flowing everywhere, and innocent men dying in agony. When soldiers take shelter in the graveyard, bombs explode all around them; the living hide in coffins and th dead are thrown from their graves. The destructive power is so great that even the fundamental differences between life and death become blurred. All Quiet on the Western Front is a novel that portrayed World War I as it actually was. It is able to show all aspects of the actual war. It told the truth and showed the effects it had on the human spirit and views of war. It began with pride and e ed with agony.